Nivel de conocimientos y prácticas que tienen los enfermeros en el destete de la ventilación mecánica en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos 7-B del Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins 2009 / Level of knowledge and practices that nurses have in the weaning from mechanical ventilation in the Intensive Care Unit 7-B at the National Hospital Edgardo Rebagliati Martins 2009

El cuidado de los pacientes a los cuales se les decide realizar el destete de la ventilación mecánica, continúa siendo un reto en el que los Enfermeros están muy involucrados. La investigación en Enfermería acerca del fenómeno del destete es poca, lo que nos hace suponer que sus conocimientos también lo son. El destete de la ventilación mecánica es una actividad en la que participan diferentes Profesionales de la Salud y por ende el Enfermero cumple un rol muy importante y para eso requiere de un gran conocimiento y habilidad. Por ello la presente investigación: "NIVEL DE CONOCIMIENTOS Y PRACTICAS QUE TIENEN LOS ENFERMEROS EN EL DESTETE DE LA VENTILACION MECANICA, EN LA UNIDAD DE CUIDADOS INTENSIVOS 7 "B" DEL HOSPITAL NACIONAL EDGARDO REBAGLIATI MARTINS, 2009", cuyo propósito es que los Profesionales de Enfermería que laboran en las Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos cuenten con información real y confiable de los conocimientos y los procedimientos que realizan las enfermeras en el proceso de Destete de la Ventilación Mecánica. El diseño metodológico fue cuantitativo, aplicativo y descriptivo, se contó con una población de 22 Enfermeros. Las Técnicas fueron la Encuesta y la Observación Directa y el Instrumento un Cuestionario y una Lista de Chequeo. Luego de realizado el estudio, se llegó a las siguientes conclusiones: Del 100 por ciento de Enfermeros (22) el nivel de conocimientos con respecto al destete de la ventilación mecánica es MEDIO (64 por ciento), observándose que las Fases de Pre y Proceso del Destete tienen un nivel de conocimientos MEDIO y la Fase de Resultado del Destete tiene un nivel de conocimiento BAJO. Con respecto a las prácticas que realizan los Enfermeros se tiene que del 100 por ciento (22) el 64 por ciento son ADECUADAS, observándose que en las Fases de pre resultado del Destete las prácticas son ADECUADAS y en la Fase del proceso del Destete son del 50 por ciento para prácticas ADECUADAS e INADECUADAS respectivamente.

The care of patients to whom they choose to wean from mechanical ventilation remains a challenge in which the nurses are very involved. Nursing research on the phenomenon of weaning is low, which leads us to assume that their skills are too. Weaning from mechanical ventilation is an activity involving different health professionals and therefore the nurse plays an important role and it requires great knowledge and skill. Therefore, the present research: "LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICAL NURSES WHO HAVE IN THE WEANING OF MECHANICAL VENTILATION IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT 7 "B" NATIONAL HOSPITAL EDGARDO REBAGLIATI MARTINS, 2009", whose aim is for Professionals Nurse working in Intensive Care Units have real and reliable information of knowledge and procedures done by nurses in the process of weaning from mechanical ventilation. The design methodology was quantitative, application and descriptive, it had a population of 22 nurses. Techniques were the Survey and direct observation and Instrument Questionnaire and Checklist. After conducting the study, reached the following conclusions: Of 100 per cent of Nurses (22) the level of knowledge regarding weaning from mechanical ventilation is MEDIUM (64 per cent), observing that Phases of Pre and Weaning Process have an average knowledge level and phase of weaning score has a low awareness level. With regard to the practices performed by nurses must be 100 per cent (22) 64 per cent are inadequate, observing that in Stages of Weaning Results of Pre and practices are appropriate and in the Weaning Process step are 50 per cent for appropriate and inappropriate practices respectively.

Investigação da temporalidade das características definidoras do diagnóstico de resposta disfuncional ao desmame ventilatório / Investigation of the temporality of the defining characteristics of the diagnostic response to dysfunctional ventilatory weaning / La investigación de la temporalidad de las características definitorias de diagnóstico de la respuesta disfuncional para el destete ventilatorio

Estudo que investigou a distribuição temporal das características definidoras da Resposta Disfuncional ao Desmame Ventilatório. Teve como objetivos: descrever a conformação da distribuição cronológica das características definidoras desse diagnóstico em pacientes sob ventilação prolongada na fase de interrupção da ventilação mecânica e verificar a existência de um padrão temporal predominante. Trata-se de um estudo do tipo descritivo-exploratório com abordagem quantitativa. Foram sujeitos os clientes adultos internados por causas clínicas no Centro de Terapia Intensiva do Hospital Pró-Cardíaco, sob ventilação mecânica prolongada e que estavam em desmame. Com os resultados se obteve a confirmação da hipótese de existência de uma distribuição temporal predominante na amostra observada. Foi possível distinguir os principais intervalos de observação/manifestação das Características Definidoras, a saber: precoce, intermediário e tardio. Em relação ao gerenciamento do processo de desmame foi possível indicar algumas contribuições ao aprimoramento das avaliações protocolares.

This study investigated the temporal distribution of the defining characteristics Response to Dysfunctional Ventilatory Weaning. Aimed to describe the conformation of the chronological distribution of the defining characteristics of this diagnostic in ventilated patients during the prolonged interruption of mechanical ventilation and verify the existence of a prevailing weather pattern. This is a descriptive study and exploratory quantitative approach. The subjects were adult clients admitted for clinical reasons in the Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Pro-Cardiac under prolonged mechanical ventilation and who were being weaned. With the results was obtained to confirm the hypothesis of a temporal distribution prevailing in the observed sample. It was possible to distinguish the main intervals of observation / demonstration of the defining characteristics, namely: early, intermediate and late. Regarding the management of the weaning process could be given some contributions to better assessments of protocol.

Un estudio investigó la distribución temporal de las características definitorias de Respuesta Disfuncional al Destete Ventilatorio. Tuvo como objetivo describir la conformación de la distribución cronológica de las características definitorias de este diagnóstico en pacientes sometidos a ventilación prolongada durante el destete de la ventilación mecánica y para verificar la existencia de un patrón climático predominante. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo de enfoque cuantitativo y exploratorio. Los sujetos fueron clientes adultos ingresados por razones clínicas en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos del Hospital Pro-cardiaco, bajo ventilación mecánica prolongada y que habían de ser destetados. Con los resultados se obtuvo la confirmación de la hipótesis de una distribución temporal que prevalecen en la muestra observada. Fue posible distinguir los intervalos principales de observación y de demostración de las características que definen, a saber: temprana, intermedia y tardía. En cuanto a la gestión del proceso de destete, se podría dar algunos aportes para una mejor evaluación del protocolo.

Assessment of the nurses performance in providing care to patients being weaned from mechanical ventilation in suez canal university hospital

Mechanical ventilation refers to the use of life support technology to perform the work of breathing for patients who are unable to breathe effectively on their own. Patients requiring mechanical ventilation include: critically ill patients with advanced and potentially reversible respiratory failure due to pulmonary or non-pulmonary processes, patients who are only temporarily unable to ventilate adequately on their own following general anesthesia, and patients who have chronic respiratory or neuromuscular disorders that may prevent them from breathing effectively without mechanical support. Weaning from mechanical ventilation generally refers to the progressive reduction in mechanical support that is delivered to patients as they progressively increase their own contributions to breathing. The aim of the study is to assess nurses' performance in providing care to patients undergoing weaning from mechanical ventilation in Suez canal university hospital. To answer the question; what are the most common area of satisfactory and area of negletion in nurses' performance in providing care to patients undergoing weaning from mechanical ventilation? The sample comprised 50 nurses working in intensive care units and intensive cardiothoracic units [N =2wards] at Ismailia university hospital.. 31 nurses from the intensive care units, 19 nurses from intensive cardiothoracic units at Ismailia university hospital. The tools for data collections were structured of questionnaire sheet and Observational checklist. The result show that un satisfactory performance between nurses in Ismailia university hospital. The study concluded that all nurses need to improve their performance during care of weaning from mechanical ventilation. The study recommended that they had satisfactory theoretical knowledge and clinical applications weaning from mechanical ventilation should be taught together, to facilitate learning continuous evaluation of nurse's knowledge and performance is essential to identify nurse's needs